中国科技核心期刊
中国指挥与控制学会会刊
军事装备类重点期刊
中国指挥与控制学会会刊
军事装备类重点期刊
中国指挥与控制学会会刊
军事装备类重点期刊
Unmanned swarm operations have become the normal mode of modern warfare. How to realize the coordinated control of manned nodes and unmanned swarms is the key to give full play to the combat effectiveness of unmanned systems. This paper sorts out the development route of foreign unmanned swarms, describes the possible cooperative operations between unmanned swarms at sea and manned warships, analyzes the use of intelligent unmanned swarm operations in future wars and the demand for continuous improvement of ability and discusses requirements of swarm coordinated command and control for the compatibility with the manned warship combat system, the openness of the architecture, and the swarm intelligence. Finally, it proposes a manned-unmanned cooperation control structure for unmanned swarm at sea, gives a functional service deployment idea that can adapt to distributed and centralized control, and helps to promote the rapid formation of the collaborative capability of manned and unmanned swarms at sea.
In recent years, underwater systems have gradually evolved toward unmanned, intelligent and swarmed directions. The perception and cooperation techniques, as the key techniques of the unmanned system swarm, have enormous potential in maritime application scenarios. In this paper, we first review the background and related work on the research of underwater unmanned systems at home and abroad and further illustrate the significance and practicability of developing underwater unmanned system swarm for our country. Next, we summarize and analyze the underwater perception and underwater collaborative techniques, and elaborate the developments in details for underwater acoustic and optical perception, under cooperative communication, cooperative control and cooperative navigation and positioning. Finally, we address the challenges on perception and cooperation for underwater unmanned system swarm, and provide the potential development trends. The research can be used as a technical guide for underwater combat missions.
This paper systematically compares the development history of the large-and medium-unmanned vehicle, sorts out the main R&D and test units, and analyzes the main features of their R&D, brings us different enlightenments from system design, capacity building and trial by the development of the U.S. military unmanned boat, which can provide reference for the future development of China's surface unmanned equipment.
The command decision and action control of UAV command and control system are indispensable in the process of UAV sea combat. This paper analyzes in detail the characteristics of the application of UAV and buzzer in naval anti-ship operations, air defense operations, amphibious landing operations, etc. Combined with the development of UAV and buzzer battle command and control system in the United States in recent years, it puts forward some enlightenment and suggestions for the development of future naval UAV and buzzer battle command and control system.
Aiming at the autonomous decision-making of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) in the process of air combat, a UAV short-range air combat model is proposed based on the background of UAV 1v1 attack and defense. The UAV autonomous maneuver model is established by Markov decision process, and autonomous air combat decision-making algorithm of UAVs based on the Soft Actor Critic (SAC) algorithm is proposed to output UAV maneuver commands with UAV air combat situation data as input, which enables the UAV to first lock on the enemy UAV and attack first by completing the specified command. Finally, the simulation experiments are designed. By comparing with the Twin Delayed Deep Deterministic policy gradient algorithm (TD3), it is verified that the air combat decision-making algorithm of UAVs based on SAC algorithm can improve the learning efficiency under the condition of enhanced policy exploration, and make the UAV dominate any initial situation and successfully destroy the enemy, which effectively improves the autonomy of UAV in the process of air combat decision.
First of all, the paper briefly introduces the situation of the belligerent area and the belligerent stage of the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict. Then, focusing on the "TB-2" observation strike integrated UAV and the "Halop" cruise missile, it analyzes the combat technical performance and combat capability of the main combat equipment of Azerbaijan UAV. Then, focusing on the S-300P long-range air defense missile system, "Insect Repellent-1" anti UAV electronic warfare system and "Krasuha-4S" electronic warfare system, the combat technical performance and combat capability of Armenia's air defense main battle equipment are analyzed. Finally, the typical tactical methods, operational scenarios and main operational processes of UAV attack and defense operations are analyzed.
Unmanned target machines often release infrared jamming bombs by manual triggering, which is easy to lead to inconsistent test conditions, inconsistent delivery time, unstable anti-jamming degree and other phenomena. In order to solve the above problems, a set of infrared jamming bomb automatic delivery system is developed, which can complete the automatic detection of non-contact missile ignition signal. The system is composed of missile ignition signal detection subsystem, ground station control subsystem and jamming bomb ejection subsystem. When the missile ignition signal detection subsystem automatically detects the missile ignition signal acquisition, the timing record and launch are triggered respectively, and the ground station control subsystem is transmitted to send the jamming release command to the launch control terminal through the radio station, and the infrared jamming release is completed by the target launcher. Finally, the live firing of a certain air defense missile weapon system is tested and verified, and the results are accurately released as required.
In order to study the factors influencing the anti-ship capability of US UAV swarm, this paper conducts a series of simulation experiments based on the X-61A combat concept proposed by DARPA in 2017. Firstly, the concept and current situation of UAV swarm are summarized, and then the key influencing factors of UAV swarm anti-ship capability are summarized, including accusation, tactics and structure. Under the classical scenario, the simulation study is carried out with the tactics and structure of the X-61A UAV swarm as variables. The influence of these factors on the anti-ship capability of UAV swarm is given, and the generation mechanism of the anti-ship capability of UAV swarm is analyzed, which lays a foundation for the study of countermeasures.
Aiming at the problems of equipment system structure overlap and complex correlations that affect the accuracy of the equipment system contribution evaluation, the paper proposes a method for evaluating the equipment system structure stability contribution degree based on a complex network. In the paper, a mapping modeling method is used to construct an equipment architecture network model based on a complex network, and the k-clique community recognition algorithm is used to accurately identify overlapping areas and nodes in the equipment architecture network. Comprehensively using the connectivity principle of graph theory, this paper proposes the concept of network structure stability under the background of complex networks, establishes a network structure stability measurement index system, and scientifically and reasonably evaluates the structural stability contribution from the perspective of structural evolution. Finally, the paper combines the existing equipment combat network architecture for demonstration applications to test the feasibility and effectiveness of the evaluation strategy.
Aiming at the problem of insufficient assessment methods for the contribution rate of amphibious fire support equipment, the research methods of the current system contribution rate of equipment assessment are summarized. From a comprehensive perspective of energy efficiency, a thinking is put forward based on the analysis and simulation method of equipment system contribution rate. The evaluation process of the system contribution rate of amphibious fire support equipment is designed. A capacity promotion contribution rate method based on AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process) and system efficiency contribution rate evaluation method based on antagonistic simulation are build. A case is verified by the method, which is proven to be effective. The evaluation of the demonstration of amphibious combat equipment provides the reference basis, and has certain reference values for system combat applications.
Combined-arms battalion equipment system of systems(SoSs) is a typical complex network, the component system’s complex interaction behaviors are the root of the SoSs effectiveness, and it also brings difficulties to analyse the SoSs effectiveness. For the difficulties of the combined-arms battalion equipment SoSs effectiveness analysis, this paper seeks a breakthrough from the architecture level based on complex network theory. First of all, based on the emergence mechanism of the equipment SoSs efficiency, a method about modeling the confrontation process of the combined-arms battalion equipment based on combat ring is proposed. Then it selects complex network as the equipment SoSs confrontation process model, gives the process and method, and analyses the equipment SoSs effectiveness by calculating adjacency matrix’s PFE value. Finally, taking a heavy combined-arms battalion equipment SoSs as an example to verifies the effectiveness of the proposed method, the paper puts forward suggestions for the future development of equipment SoSs.
Inertial navigation technology plays an important role in ensuring and supporting the combat effectiveness of ships, surface and underwater unmanned systems and underwater weapons. The development history of gyroscope is summarized. It introduces the application of inertial navigation technology in marine equipment from the three aspects of naval vessels, surface underwater unmanned systems and underwater weapons. The initial alignment technology and transfer alignment technology are sorted out. The common integrated navigation technologies applied to surface and underwater unmanned systems, and the key technology of Doppler inertial integrated navigation are summarized. Based on this, the research prospects and development suggestions of inertial navigation technology are given.
In order to realize the accurate attack of naval gun on invisible targets on the shore, a terminal guidance method based on image matching is proposed on the premise of using observation means such as unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) and reconnaissance bomb. By preprocessing the template image and improving the classic SIFT algorithm, the goal of fast image matching and accurate terminal guidance is achieved. In this paper, the feasibility of applying improved SIFT algorithm to remote sensing images is verified by modeling and simulation. The improved algorithm effectively shortens the matching time. Based on the simulation data, the distance between the projectile optical imaging equipment and the target before the terminal guidance starts is reversely deduced, and the mathematical models of starting matching distance, matching time and terminal guidance distance are established. Through the analysis of specific data, the feasibility of applying image matching terminal guidance to naval gun is verified, and a theoretical simulation framework is built for the research and development of naval gun image guided ammunition.
The problem of firepower compatibility constraints cannot be avoided in the process of soft and hard weapons cooperative engagement. Aiming at the defects of single constraint in the current fire compatibility constraint model, a new fire compatibility constraint model is proposed, which is embedded in the target assignment model of soft and hard weapons. Finally, the improved Hungarian algorithm is used to solve the target assignment model. Through simulation analysis, the feasibility of the target assignment model of soft and hard weapons under the new firepower compatibility constraints is verified.
Aiming at the shortcomings that the identification of marine targets mainly relies on manual reasoning, and the degree of automation and efficiency is low, a comprehensive identification method of marine targets based on multi-source heterogeneous data is proposed. First, unstructured data and structured data are unified to the same dimension by establishing unified spatiotemporal coding, and then the information provided by each intelligence source is synthesized according to the D-S evidence theory identification model to obtain the comprehensive identification result of maritime targets. The application example shows that the identification result of this method is reliable and has high engineering application value.
This paper proposes a demonstration method for information system construction requirements of strategic point based on MBSE, aiming at mission requirements of strategic point. It verifies the match degree of military requirements and the design results of strategic point information system by three testing step, namely military requirements testing, system design testing and human-computer interaction testing. It forms three views, and finally obtains optimal design results by way of multi-design synchronous circulate and iterative optimization. This method can effectively guide and assist scientific researchers carrying out research and development for large scale military information system. It reduces change rate of military requirements from the source, promotes design quality of information system in design results, and optimizes operational effectiveness of the equipments for the users.
According to the requirements of information support and command in the sea area of the shooting range, a prediction and regional warning method of civil ship behavior based on AIS is proposed by using the data of automatic ship identification system (AIS) collected in history. Density clustering (DBScan) analysis method is used to analyze the historical AIS data of civil ship, and the classification grade of track points is obtained. Secondly, the historical credit record of the civilian ship is integrated to get the historical credit grade. Finally, according to the distance, orientation and speed between the civil vessels and the test navigation area, and in combination with the classification level of track points and historical credit level, a series of evaluation criteria and calculation models are formulated to obtain the threat level of the civil vessels to the test navigation area and provide decision support for the warning of the navigation area.
Aiming at the calculation problem of underwater target sound scattering, this paper simulates the scattered sound field of a rigid sphere under the plane sound wave. Boundary element method is used to calculate the directivity function of rigid sphere under different ka values, and compare with the theoretical analytical solution. The results show that the spherical scattering sound field and its directivity corresponding to different ka values have obvious differences. As the ka value increases, the directivity becomes more obvious, and the forward scattering intensity increases. The solution calculation results are in good agreement. When the output sound pressure value at the calculation point is small, the default sound pressure output accuracy in the parameter settings of the Virtual.Lab Acoustics module is improved. Export calculation results that meet the needs. Boundary element method can be used to predict the acoustic scattering characteristics of actual underwater target.
According to the requirements of naval simulation training under the condition of system of systems confrontation, this paper discusses the naval training architecture, composition and technical architecture based on LVC simulation. By systematically analyzing the connotation, exercise application and experience enlightenment of the US Navy simulation training system, and referring to the theoretical basis and connotation of LVC simulation and other related technologies, a navy training system based on LVC simulation is proposed, which integrates the real equipment, training simulators and computer simulation forces scattered in different regions into a unified situation and unified rules virtual training environment, and carries out simulation training of physically distributed and multi-level command organization linkage. It also studies the key technical problems in the construction of the system, and puts forward the corresponding solutions, which can provide theoretical support for the construction of the navy simulation training system.
In light of the concept of penetrating counter air (PCA), this paper analyzes the current domestic and foreign theoretical research status and summarizes its operational characteristics, and then focuses on the simulation problems of suppression of enemy air defense (SEAD) operations and manned-unmanned teaming air battles according to the key actions of PCA. Combined with the existing models and algorithms, the modeling framework of the PCA is established, and the main problems are analyzed. Finally, challenges faced by the modeling and simulation of PCA are pointed out.
With the increase of the complexity of naval gun equipment and the increase of mission intensity, support plays a key role in the use of equipment. Due to the complex structure of the guarantee system, high test cost and difficulty in fault injection, it results in the lack of guarantee data samples directly results. Therefore, choosing a suitable platform and developing a comprehensive simulation platform in line with the reality of equipment support system are effective means to solve the current problems.
The new concept of mosaic warfare proposed by the United States has become the focus of attention of the world’s military powers. This article analyzes the concept connotation, background significance, main characteristics and development changes of mosaic war from the four aspects of “What? Why? What’s good? How to do?” On this basis, it puts forward some thoughts and suggestions on future war from the perspectives of breaking through thinking patterns, innovating guiding theory, perfecting planning methods, innovating key technologies and basing on reality.
In this paper, the emerging operational concepts such as "mosaic warfare" put forward by the US military in recent years is addressed, the features such as dynamic reorganization of operational element and dynamic generation of capabilities are analyzed, and the dynamic mapping method of the sea battlefield operational capabilities is explored. Based on the analysis of the US Navy's operational chain of command and operational command hierarchy, the static, quasi-static and dynamic parts of the operational system is discussed. Supernetwork approach is used to construct the model of node, subnet, super edge, information flow, command flow and acting flow. The operational capability composition and the method of polymerization to flow model are proposed. The method of decomposition and distribution capabilities is proposed by solving the flow model capabilities. It can be a reference for analyzing the realization mechanism of the US military's concepts of "mosaic warfare" and "distributed maritime operations".
In recent years, based on high-end competition among powers, the US has taken a series of measures to strengthen its cyberspace warfare capabilities and maintain its leading position in cyberspace. Using literature research, case studies, system research, interdisciplinary research, combing analysis at home and abroad, a think-tank, academic circles about cyberspace warfare status quo and development of the related research literature in US, on the public to support the cyberspace warfare practice case, to distinguish the strategic instruction, combat forces, weapons technology, drill four major developments content, both across, such as politics, science and technology. The latest developments of US cyberspace warfare are systematically summarized based on the influence factors of disciplines and cross-fields. After that, the paper summarizes the new developments and makes innovative thinking in terms of strengthening top-level planning and design, strengthening professional personnel training, strengthening cyberspace weapons resarching, and strengthening offensive and defensive exercises in cyberspace, providing inspiration and reference for the PLA’s cyberspace warfare capability building.
